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31 December 2025 · verified exam-relevant news
Latest digest · 31 December 2025
Curated from PIB, RBI, All India Radio and verified national sources — organised for UPSC, SSC, Banking, Railway and State-PSC revision.
24 verified current-affairs updates for major exams.
African nations have improved toilet coverage, but weak waste treatment and disposal systems persist, leading to widespread and unaddressed sanitation risks. This highlights a critical gap in public health and environme…
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India's clean air programme, NCAP 2025, is under scrutiny due to its revised funding rules. Concerns are being raised about whether these new rules effectively incentivize cities to address the most critical ground-leve…
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A judicial debate regarding a height-based definition for the Aravalli hills, India's oldest mountain system, is causing significant confusion. This proposed definition risks severely undermining the Aravallis' critical…
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The Global Environment Facility (GEF) approved $372 million for environmental projects, with a significant emphasis on biodiversity, during its December Council meeting. This decision signals a crucial shift from merely…
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Jairam Ramesh urged the Supreme Court to intervene against retrospective environmental approvals and a proposed boundary revision for the Sariska Tiger Reserve. He also highlighted the significant dilution of the Nation…
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The article highlights that the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) is insufficient to curb India's domestic illegal wildlife trade. It emphasizes that CITES primarily…
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This article projects that glacier disappearance will peak between 2041 and 2055, with approximately 4,000 glaciers vanishing annually during this period. This environmental forecast highlights the critical impact of cl…
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A 'festival' at Rajasthan's Sambhar Lake is severely impacting the wetland's avian population, threatening its ecological integrity. This issue underscores the critical conflict between human recreational activities and…
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A Christian Aid report on 2025's major climate disasters identified the Southwest monsoon in India and Pakistan as causing the highest fatalities. The report also highlighted that two of the top 10 most expensive disast…
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The Himalayan landscape is increasingly witnessing habitat overlap among apex predators like common leopards, snow leopards, and tigers. This co-existence, with tigers even sighted at high altitudes in regions like Sikk…
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Colonel James Tod, a British East India Company officer and historian, famously described the Aravalli Range as the 'Apennines of India'. This historical reference highlights the geographical significance of the Aravall…
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India's Tsunami Early Warning System (ITEWS), operated by INCOIS, is a critical infrastructure established post-2004 tsunami to detect and disseminate warnings for ocean threats. It leverages advanced science, sensors,…
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A recent Supreme Court ruling has permitted post facto environmental clearances, which experts argue undermines the foundational 'precautionary principle' of Indian environmental law. This development is significant for…
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The article highlights that the ongoing 'Aravalli debate' transcends mere technicalities like metres, maps, or mining leases. It underscores a fundamental challenge in India's governance of its ecological inheritance, p…
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The year 2025 marked significant biodiversity developments in India, featuring the introduction of new rules for benefit sharing, the establishment of a new National Turmeric Board, and the Indian government's Draft See…
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Students in Alawalpur village, adopted by former Union Minister Ravi Shankar Prasad, have alleged caste discrimination by their teachers. They claim being forced to perform menial tasks like cleaning classrooms, opening…
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The government's assertion of a complete halt on new mining leases in the ecologically sensitive Aravalli region is reported as misleading. This restriction is only temporary, applicable until new guidelines are formula…
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The article is a daily court digest published by Down To Earth, covering major environmental orders from the Supreme Court, High Courts, and National Green Tribunal on December 23, 2025. Such digests are vital for compe…
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Power plants located near Delhi have been levied penalties totaling Rs 61.85 crore for their failure to meet mandatory biomass co-firing targets. This enforcement action is a critical test of India's existing air pollut…
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The Centre, through the Ministry of Environment and Forests, has imposed a ban on new mining leases in the Aravallis, signaling a significant environmental protection measure. This decision aims to expand the protected…
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Delhi-NCR continues to face severe air pollution, with governmental responses described as a 'seasonal ritual' that yields little impact. This recurring environmental crisis highlights persistent governance challenges,…
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A panel tasked with formulating a uniform definition for the Aravalli hills and ranges reportedly acknowledged that its chosen methodology, based on slope and elevation, was flawed. This faulty approach could lead to si…
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A study by CREA highlights that a significant portion of India's PM2.5 pollution is not directly emitted but chemically formed in the atmosphere, categorizing it as secondary particulate matter. This finding is crucial…
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The article emphasizes the indispensable role of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in driving India's climate transition and decarbonization efforts. It posits that for decarbonization to become a widespread…
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Exam-relevant stories with MCQ-ready key points from approved sources. Verified edition: 31 December 2025.
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